1.諧(xie)波(bo)的(di)主(zhu)要(yao)危(wei)害(hai)(簡(jian)述(shu)):
諧(xie)波(bo)“汙(wu)染(ran)”是(shi)電(dian)網(wang)的(di)公(gong)害(hai),它(ta)引(yin)起(qi)的(di)經(jing)濟(ji)損(sun)失(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)惡(wu)化(hua)了(liao)電(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)指(zhi)標(biao),降(xiang)低(di)了(liao)電(dian)網(wang)的(di)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing),增(zeng)加(jia)了(liao)電(dian)網(wang)損(sun)失(shi),縮(suo)短(duan)了(liao)電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)的(di)壽(shou)命(ming),降(xiang)低(di)了(liao)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)。諧(xie)波(bo)的(di)危(wei)害(hai)主(zhu)要(yao)體(ti)現(xian)在(zai)如(ru)下(xia)個(ge)幾(ji)方(fang)麵(mian):
1.1增(zeng)加(jia)了(liao)電(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)諧(xie)振(zhen)的(di)可(ke)能(neng),從(zong)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)很(hen)高(gao)的(di)過(guo)電(dian)流(liu)或(huo)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)而(er)引(yin)發(fa)事(shi)故(gu)。當(dang)電(dian)網(wang)係(ji)統(tong)參(shen)數(shuo)的(di)不(bu)利(li)配(pei)合(ge)和(hu)有(you)足(ju)夠(gou)張(zhang)的(di)諧(xie)波(bo)源(yuan)時(shi),串(chuan)聯(lian)或(huo)並(bing)聯(lian)諧(xie)波(bo)諧(xie)振(zhen)問(wen)題(ti)就(jiu)必(bi)然(ran)成(cheng)在(zai),將(qiang)會(kuai)嚴(yan)重(chong)損(sun)壞(huai)一(yi)次(ci)設(she)備(bei)而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)係(ji)統(tong)事(shi)故(gu)的(di)發(fa)生(sheng)。

1.2 對(dui)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)有(you)害(hai)形(xing)響(xiang)。主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)在(zai)產(chan)生(sheng)附(fu)加(jia)損(sun)耗(hao)和(hu)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)上(shang),危(wei)害(hai)的(di)嚴(yan)重(chong)性(xing)與(yu)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)壓(ya)、諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)以(yi)及(ji)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)的(di)型(xing)式(shi)和(hu)結(jie)構(gou)有(you)關(guan)。比(bi)如(ru):在(zai)感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的(di)定(ding)子(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)中(zhong)所(suo)有(you)正(zheng)序(xu)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)都(du)將(qiang)產(chan)生(sheng)正(zheng)方(fang)向(xiang)的(di)電(dian)磁(ci)轉(zhuan)矩(ju),有(you)助(zhu)於(yu)轉(zhuan)子(zi)的(di)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan),而(er)負(fu)序(xu)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)的(di)作(zuo)用(yong)恰(qia)好(hao)相(xiang)反(fan)。對(dui)汽(qi)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)的(di)振(zhen)蕩(tang)力(li)矩(ju)可(ke)能(neng)激(ji)起(qi)汽(qi)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)複(fu)雜(za)的(di)禍(huo)合(ge)振(zhen)蕩(tang),使(shi)轉(zhuan)子(zi)元(yuan)件(jian)發(fa)生(sheng)扭(niu)力(li)振(zhen)蕩(tang)並(bing)使(shi)汽(qi)能(neng)機(ji)葉(xie)片(pian)屈(qu)曲(qu)。
1. 3影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)網(wang)和(hu)供(gong)電(dian)一(yi)次(ci)設(she)各(ge)的(di)安(an)個(ge)標(biao)行(hang)。 1) 諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)壓(ya)可(ke)使(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(di)磁(ci)滯(zhi)及(ji)渦(guo)流(liu)損(sun)耗(hao)增(zeng)加(jia),使(shi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)承(cheng)受(shou)的(di)電(dian)氣(qi)應(ying)力(li)增(zeng)大(dai),而(er)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)使(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(di)銅(tong)耗(hao)增(zeng)加(jia),普(pu)通(tong)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)在(zai)嚴(yan)市(shi)的(di)諧(xie)波(bo)負(fu)荷(he)下(xia)往(wang)往(wang)會(kuai)產(chan)生(sheng)局(ju)部(bu)過(guo)熱(re),噪(zao)聲(sheng)增(zeng)大(dai)等(deng)現(xian)象(xiang)。
2) 除(chu)了(liao)諾(nuo)波(bo)電(dian)壓(ya)使(shi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)額(e)外(wai)的(di)功(gong)率(shuai)損(sun)耗(hao)外(wai),諧(xie)波(bo)還(huan)造(zao)成(cheng)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)與(yu)電(dian)網(wang)其(qi)它(ta)部(bu)分(fen)之(zhi)間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)諧(xie)波(bo)諧(xie)振(zhen),發(fa)生(sheng)危(wei)險(xian)的(di)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)、過(guo)電(dian)流(liu),引(yin)起(qi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)熔(rong)絲(si)熔(rong)斷(duan)或(huo)使(shi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)損(sun)壞(huai)。
3) 前(qian)蘇(su)聯(lian)件(jian)對(dui)兩(liang)條(tiao)同(tong)時(shi)敷(fu)設(she)在(zai)相(xiang)似(shi)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)下(xia)的(di)電(dian)纜(lan)進(jin)行(hang)試(shi)驗(yan),其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)條(tiao)在(zai)基(ji)波(bo)正(zheng)弦(xian)電(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)運(yun)行(hang),另(ling)一(yi)條(tiao)在(zai)電(dian)壓(ya)總(zong)畸(ji)變(bian)率(shuai)為(wei)6%8.5%(主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)5, 7次(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)),經(jing)2.5年(nian)運(yun)行(hang)後(hou),後(hou)者(zhe)的(di)泄(xie)漏(lou)電(dian)流(liu)平(ping)均(jun)高(gao)出(chu)36%.而(er)3.5年(nian)後(hou)則(ze)高(gao)出(chu)43%.由(you)此(ci)可(ke)見(xian),諧(xie)波(bo)對(dui)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)的(di)損(sun)壞(huai)程(cheng)度(duo)也(ye)是(shi)相(xiang)當(dang)大(dai)的(di)。
4) 諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)壓(ya)引(yin)起(qi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)形(xing)畸(ji)變(bian)會(kuai)影(ying)響(xiang)線(xian)路(lu)電(dian)暈(yun)電(dian)壓(ya),當(dang)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)基(ji)波(bo)電(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)峰(feng)重(chong)合(ge)時(shi),可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)線(xian)路(lu)的(di)電(dian)暈(yun)問(wen)題(ti)變(bian)得(dei)嚴(yan)重(chong),而(er)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)流(liu)過(guo)輸(shu)電(dian)線(xian)路(lu)時(shi).因(yin)集(ji)膚(fu)效(xiao)應(ying)使(shi)輸(shu)電(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的(di)附(fu)加(jia)損(sun)耗(hao)增(zeng)大(dai).
5) 諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)較(jiao)大(dai)時(shi)將(qiang)使(shi)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)遮(zhe)斷(duan)能(neng)力(li)降(xiang)低(di),這(zhe)是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)當(dang)電(dian)流(liu)有(you)效(xiao)值(zhi)相(xiang)同(tong)時(shi),波(bo)形(xing)畸(ji)變(bian)嚴(yan)重(chong)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)與(yu)基(ji)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)相(xiang)比(bi),在(zai)電(dian)流(liu)過(guo)零(ling)點(dian)處(chu)di/dt可(ke)能(neng)較(jiao)大(dai),在(zai)嚴(yan)重(chong)的(di)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)流(liu)時(shi),一(yi)些(xie)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)磁(ci)吹(chui)線(xian)圈(juan)不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)。
