一(yi)般(pan)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia), UPS主(zhu)板(pan)的(di)常(chang)見(xian)故(gu)障(zhang)有(you)不(bu)並(bing)機(ji)、不(bu)逆(ni)變(bian)、不(bu)穩(wen)壓(ya)、不(bu)充(chong)電(dian)、不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)市(shi)電(dian)、蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)故(gu)障(zhang)、電(dian)容(rong)故(gu)障(zhang)、幹(gan)擾(rao)故(gu)障(zhang)、死(si)機(ji)等(deng)。在(zai)檢(jian)修(xiu)UPS時(shi),應(ying)先(xian)檢(jian)查(cha)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),其(qi)次(ci)是(shi)主(zhu)板(pan)電(dian)路(lu)。當(dang)確(que)定(ding)主(zhu)板(pan)電(dian)路(lu)故(gu)障(zhang)後(hou), 應(ying)先(xian)查(cha)市(shi)電(dian)穩(wen)壓(ya)供(gong)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu),然(ran)後(hou)查(cha)逆(ni)變(bian)電(dian)路(lu)。
( 1 )不(bu)逆(ni)變(bian)不(bu)逆(ni)變(bian)是(shi)指(zhi)UPS用(yong)市(shi)電(dian)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo),但(dan)市(shi)電(dian)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)能(neng)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為(wei)220V (或(huo)380V )交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)。遇(yu)到(dao)這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)時(shi),應(ying)先(xian)測(ce)量(liang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya), 因(yin)為(wei)若(ruo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低(di),控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低(di)信(xin)號(hao)後(hou),就(jiu)會(kuai)中(zhong)斷(duan)逆(ni)變(bian)電(dian)路(lu)工(gong)作(zuo);其(qi)次(ci)檢(jian)查(cha)輔(fu)助(zhu)電(dian)源(yuan)是(shi)否(pi)正(zheng)常(chang)以(yi)及(ji)逆(ni)變(bian)管(guan)和(hu)驅(qu)動(dong)管(guan)有(you)無(wu)損(sun)壞(huai);檢(jian)查(cha)輸(shu)出(chu)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)路(lu)。
一(yi)般(pan)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),通(tong)過(guo)上(shang)述(shu)步(bu)驟(zhou)即(ji)可(ke)檢(jian)查(cha)到(dao)UPS的(di)故(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)，並(bing)予(yu)以(yi)排(pai)除(chu)。
(2)不(bu)穩(wen)壓(ya)
對(dui)於(yu)非(fei)在(zai)線(xian)式(shi)UPS ,不(bu)穩(wen)壓(ya)分(fen)為(wei)交(jiao)流(liu)輸(shu)入(ru)時(shi)輸(shu)出(chu)不(bu)穩(wen)壓(ya)和(hu)逆(ni)變(bian)輸(shu)出(chu)不(bu)穩(wen)壓(ya)兩(liang)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)。當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)輸(shu)入(ru)時(shi),輸(shu)出(chu)穩(wen)壓(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)調(diao)壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)控(kong)製(zhi)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)與(yu)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(di)不(bu)同(tong)抽(chou)頭(tou)進(jin)行(hang)連(lian)接(jie)來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)的(di); 逆(ni)變(bian)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)穩(wen)壓(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)檢(jian)測(ce)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)反(fan)饋(kui)電(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)低(di)來(lai)控(kong)製(zhi)方(fang)波(bo)信(xin)號(hao)的(di)脈(mo)衝(chong)寬(kuan)度(duo)來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)的(di)。如(ru)果(guo)UPS出(chu)現(xian)不(bu)穩(wen)壓(ya)故(gu)障(zhang),隻(zhi)要(yao)檢(jian)查(cha)相(xiang)應(ying)的(di)調(diao)壓(ya)控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)即(ji)可(ke)。
(3)不(bu)充(chong)電(dian)
不(bu)充(chong)電(dian)故(gu)障(zhang)在(zai)市(shi)電(dian)不(bu)經(jing)常(chang)中(zhong)斷(duan)的(di)環(huan)境(jing)裏(li)比(bi)較(jiao)難(nan)發(fa)現(xian),而(er)它(ta)的(di)危(wei)害(hai)很(hen)大(dai),很(hen)可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)因(yin)長(zhang)期(qi)得(dei)不(bu)到(dao)充(chong)電(dian)而(er)提(ti)前(qian)報(bao)廢(fei)。判(pan)斷(duan)此(ci)故(gu)障(zhang)的(di)方(fang)法(fa)很(hen)簡(jian)單(shan)，隻(zhi)要(yao)斷(duan)開(kai)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)與(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)連(lian)接(jie),通(tong)過(guo)測(ce)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)的(di)空(kong)載(zai)電(dian)壓(ya)即(ji)可(ke)判(pan)斷(duan)。正(zheng)常(chang)時(shi),對(dui)單(shan)塊(kuai)12V的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)來(lai)說(shui)此(ci)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)13.5V ,串(chuan)聯(lian)的(di)兩(liang)塊(kuai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)27V。若(ruo)此(ci)電(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)正(zheng)常(chang),就(jiu)應(ying)檢(jian)查(cha)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)及(ji)相(xiang)應(ying)的(di)控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)與(yu)此(ci)相(xiang)關(guan)的(di)控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)。當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低(di)或(huo)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi),充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)在(zai)控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)的(di)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)會(kuai)停(ting)止(zhi)工(gong)作(zuo)。控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)有(you)故(gu)障(zhang)而(er)誤(wu)動(dong)作(zuo),也(ye)會(kuai)使(shi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)不(bu)工(gong)作(zuo)。
(4)不(bu)能(neng)用(yong)市(shi)電(dian)
逆(ni)變(bian)輸(shu)出(chu)正(zheng)常(chang),用(yong)市(shi)電(dian)輸(shu)入(ru)時(shi)無(wu)輸(shu)出(chu)。遇(yu)到(dao)此(ci)類(lei)故(gu)障(zhang)時(shi)應(ying)先(xian)檢(jian)查(cha)市(shi)電(dian)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)路(lu),因(yin)為(wei)當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)路(lu)檢(jian)測(ce)出(chu)市(shi)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低(di)或(huo)過(guo)高(gao)時(shi),就(jiu)會(kuai)發(fa)出(chu)相(xiang)應(ying)信(xin)號(hao)給(ji)控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu),使(shi)控(kong)製(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)發(fa)出(chu)控(kong)製(zhi)脈(mo)衝(chong),切(qie)斷(duan)市(shi)電(dian)輸(shu)入(ru)通(tong)路(lu),並(bing)使(shi)UPS處(chu)於(yu)逆(ni)變(bian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。當(dang)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)路(lu)正(zheng)常(chang)後(hou),檢(jian)查(cha)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)轉(zhuan)換(huan)電(dian)路(lu)。由(you)於(yu)機(ji)型(xing)不(bu)同(tong),其(qi)控(kong)製(zhi)關(guan)係(ji)和(hu)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)路(lu)類(lei)型(xing)也(ye)千(qian)差(chai)萬(mo)別(bie)。
( 5 ) UPS不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)啟(qi)動(dong)
在(zai)正(zheng)常(chang)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),在(zai)線(xian)式(shi)UPS隻(zhi)要(yao)合(ge)上(shang)輸(shu)入(ru)開(kai)關(guan)便(pian)自(zi)動(dong)工(gong)作(zuo)在(zai)旁(pang)路(lu)供(gong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi),這(zhe)時(shi)負(fu)載(zai)由(you)市(shi)電(dian)直(zhi)接(jie)提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)源(yuan)。當(dang)UPS啟(qi)動(dong)一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)間(jian)後(hou)自(zi)動(dong)由(you)旁(pang)路(lu)供(gong)電(dian)轉(zhuan)為(wei)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)供(gong)電(dian)(正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi))。若(ruo)不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)啟(qi)動(dong),代(dai)表(biao)電(dian)池(chi)或(huo)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)有(you)問(wen)題(ti),檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)池(chi)或(huo)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)即(ji)可(ke)找(zhao)出(chu)原(yuan)因(yin)。
UPS不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)啟(qi)動(dong)的(di)原(yuan)因(yin)除(chu)機(ji)器(qi)內(nei)部(bu)的(di)因(yin)素(su)外(wai)，先(xian)應(ying)檢(jian)查(cha)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)否(pi)正(zheng)常(chang),對(dui)三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)UPS ,還(huan)要(yao)檢(jian)查(cha)是(shi)否(pi)“缺(que)相(xiang)”。因(yin)為(wei)在(zai)UPS內(nei)部(bu)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)路(lu)對(dui)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)進(jin)行(hang)實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)測(ce),若(ruo)存(cun)在(zai)“缺(que)相(xiang)”, 輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)三(san)相(xiang)平(ping)均(jun)值(zhi)必(bi)然(ran)低(di)於(yu)正(zheng)常(chang)值(zhi)的(di)下(xia)限(xian),檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)路(lu)便(pian)發(fa)出(chu)信(xin)號(hao)封(feng)鎖(suo)UPS的(di)正(zheng)常(chang)啟(qi)動(dong);若(ruo)檢(jian)查(cha)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)正(zheng)常(chang), UPS仍(reng)未(wei)正(zheng)常(chang)啟(qi)動(dong)，則(ze)對(dui)於(yu)單(shan)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)UPS要(yao)檢(jian)查(cha)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)火(huo)線(xian)與(yu)零(ling)線(xian)接(jie)線(xian)是(shi)否(pi)接(jie)反(fan),對(dui)於(yu)三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)UPS則(ze)要(yao)檢(jian)查(cha)其(qi)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)相(xiang)序(xu)是(shi)否(pi)正(zheng)確(que)。
(6)UPS在(zai)運(yun)行(hang)中(zhong)頻(pin)繁(fan)地(de)轉(zhuan)換(huan)到(dao)旁(pang)路(lu)供(gong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)
UPS由(you)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)轉(zhuan)到(dao)旁(pang)路(lu)狀(zhuang)態(tai)通(tong)常(chang)有(you)三(san)種(zhong)原(yuan)因(yin): 一(yi)是(shi)UPS本(ben)身(shen)出(chu)現(xian)故(gu)障(zhang);二(er)是(shi)UPS暫(zan)時(shi)過(guo)載(zai);三(san)是(shi)過(guo)熱(re)。如(ru)當(dang)UPS本(ben)來(lai)負(fu)載(zai)就(jiu)比(bi)較(jiao)重(chong),再(zai)啟(qi)動(dong)其(qi)他(ta)負(fu)載(zai), UPS就(jiu)會(kuai)因(yin)”過(guo)載(zai)”而(er)轉(zhuan)到(dao)旁(pang)路(lu),等(deng)負(fu)載(zai)衝(chong)擊(ji)電(dian)流(liu)過(guo)去(qu)後(hou)，UPS又(you)自(zi)動(dong)轉(zhuan)換(huan)到(dao)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi)。這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)的(di)頻(pin)繁(fan)出(chu)現(xian)對(dui)UPS的(di)穩(wen)定(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)不(bu)利(li)的(di),應(ying)做(zuo)相(xiang)應(ying)處(chu)理(li)。
此(ci)外(wai),對(dui)比(bi)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)及(ji)UPS顯(xian)示(shi)屏(bing)上(shang)顯(xian)示(shi)的(di)溫(wen)度(duo),有(you)助(zhu)於(yu)判(pan)斷(duan)是(shi)否(pi)因(yin)溫(wen)度(duo)異(yi)常(chang)而(er)使(shi)UPS頻(pin)繁(fan)地(de)轉(zhuan)換(huan)到(dao)旁(pang)路(lu)供(gong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)。
( 7 )當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi)，UPS也(ye)自(zi)動(dong)停(ting)機(ji)當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi)UPS立(li)即(ji)關(guan)機(ji)，是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)不(bu)能(neng)維(wei)持(chi)對(dui)負(fu)載(zai)的(di)供(gong)電(dian),從(zong)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)負(fu)載(zai)供(gong)電(dian)中(zhong)斷(duan)。這(zhe)時(shi),由(you)於(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)失(shi)效(xiao)或(huo)性(xing)能(neng)嚴(yan)重(chong)變(bian)壞(huai),以(yi)致(zhi)當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)沒(mo)有(you)足(ju)夠(gou)的(di)能(neng)量(liang)來(lai)維(wei)持(chi)對(dui)負(fu)載(zai)的(di)供(gong)電(dian),此(ci)時(shi)隻(zhi)要(yao)更(geng)換(huan)不(bu)良(liang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)就(jiu)可(ke)恢(hui)複(fu)正(zheng)常(chang)。在(zai)檢(jian)查(cha)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)時(shi),不(bu)能(neng)以(yi)測(ce)量(liang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)空(kong)載(zai)時(shi)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)高(gao)低(di)來(lai)衡(heng)量(liang)其(qi)好(hao)壞(huai),而(er)應(ying)讓(rang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)稍(shao)帶(dai)負(fu)載(zai),視(shi)其(qi)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)化(hua)情(qing)況(kuang)而(er)定(ding)。當(dang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)失(shi)效(xiao)或(huo)性(xing)能(neng)嚴(yan)重(chong)變(bian)壞(huai)時(shi),其(qi)空(kong)載(zai)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)雖(sui)然(ran)基(ji)本(ben)正(zheng)常(chang),但(dan)隻(zhi)要(yao)放(fang)電(dian),其(qi)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)就(jiu)會(kuai)大(dai)幅(fu)度(duo)下(xia)降(xiang)，下(xia)降(xiang)幅(fu)度(duo)往(wang)往(wang)超(chao)出(chu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)允(yun)許(xu)範(fan)圍(wei)。檢(jian)查(cha)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)時(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)帶(dai)的(di)負(fu)載(zai)值(zhi)與(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)有(you)關(guan),推(tui)薦(jian)以(yi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)70%作(zuo)為(wei)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)值(zhi)。
